Cables by Type
Applications
Nacelle to Base Connections: Transmitting power and signals between the nacelle and the base of the wind turbine, accommodating the rotational movement.
Tower and Yaw System: Facilitating power and control connections within the tower and yaw system, which require cables to withstand torsional and bending stresses.
Blade Pitch Control: Connecting control systems to the blades for pitch adjustment, ensuring optimal wind capture and turbine efficiency.
Generator and Converter Systems: Providing reliable power transmission from the generator to the converter and grid connection points.
Construction
Conductors: Made of stranded tinned copper or aluminum to provide flexibility and excellent electrical conductivity.
Insulation: High-grade materials such as cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) or ethylene propylene rubber (EPR) to withstand high temperatures and mechanical stress.
Shielding: Multi-layer shielding, including copper tape or braid, to protect against electromagnetic interference (EMI) and ensure signal integrity.
Outer Sheath: Durable and flexible outer sheath made of materials like polyurethane (PUR), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), or rubber to resist abrasion, chemicals, and environmental factors.
Torsion Layer: Additional reinforcement layer designed to enhance torsion resistance and flexibility, allowing the cable to endure repeated twisting motions.
Cable Types
Power Cables
1. Construction: Includes stranded copper or aluminum conductors, XLPE or EPR insulation, and robust outer sheath.
2. Applications: Suitable for transmitting electrical power from the generator to the converter and grid connection points.
Control Cables
1. Construction: Features multi-core configurations with robust insulation and shielding.
2. Applications: Used for connecting control systems within the wind turbine, including blade pitch control and yaw systems.
Communication Cables
1. Construction: Includes twisted pairs or fiber optic cores with high-quality insulation and shielding.
2. Applications: Ideal for data and communication systems within the wind turbine, ensuring reliable signal transmission.
Hybrid Cables
1. Construction: Combines power, control, and communication cables into a single assembly, with separate insulation and shielding for each function.
2. Applications: Used in complex wind turbine systems where space and weight are critical factors.
Standard
IEC 61400-24
1. Title: Wind Turbines – Part 24: Lightning Protection
2. Scope: This standard specifies the requirements for lightning protection of wind turbines, including the cables used within the system. It covers construction, materials, and performance criteria to ensure reliable operation in lightning-prone environments.
IEC 60502-1
1. Title: Power Cables with Extruded Insulation and Their Accessories for Rated Voltages from 1 kV (Um = 1.2 kV) up to 30 kV (Um = 36 kV) – Part 1: Cables for Rated Voltages of 1 kV (Um = 1.2 kV) and 3 kV (Um = 3.6 kV)
2. Scope: This standard defines the requirements for power cables with extruded insulation used in wind power applications. It addresses construction, materials, mechanical and electrical performance, and environmental resistance.
IEC 60228
1. Title: Conductors of Insulated Cables
2. Scope: This standard specifies the requirements for conductors used in insulated cables, including those in wind power systems. It ensures conductors meet criteria for electrical and mechanical performance.
EN 50363
1. Title: Insulating, Sheathing, and Covering Materials of Electric Cables
2. Scope: This standard outlines the requirements for insulating, sheathing, and covering materials used in electric cables, including those in wind power applications. It ensures materials meet performance and safety standards.
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